Cataract
| These
days, cataract is common yet easily treated condition.
Approximately 20% of Australians over the age of 50
have some form of cataract. |
 |
What
is a cataract?
Cataract
is a condition where the clear lens inside the eye gradually
becomes opaque (like a frosted window). Cataracts prevent
some of the light reaching the retina, and result in blurred
and washed out vision. Cataracts usually develop slowly, and
cause a general loss of vision.
  
A
normal eye v an eye with cataract
What
causes cataract?
Most
cataracts are a degeneration associated with age. However,
cataracts can also be associated with:
- Diabetes
- Ultraviolet
light exposure
- Smoking
- Certain
medications
- Other
diseases
What
problems might a person with cataracts experience?
A
person who has developed cataracts will experience the same
sort of vision you would experience lookingthrough a somewhat
misty window: vision is blurred, colours are a little faded.
In addition glare can be a significant problem.
 
Normal
vision v. vision through cataract
Who
is at risk of developing cataracts?
Anyone
can develop cataracts, however you are at an increased risk
of developing cataracts if:
- You
are over the age of 40
- You
have diabetes
- You
are exposed to ultraviolet light over a long period of time
How
will I know if I have cataracts?
Most
people become aware of blurred vision, and an increase in
glare sensitivity as cataracts develop. However, a thorough
eye examination will detect cataracts at a much earlier stage
What
should I do if I think I might have cataracts?
You
should arrange for an eye examination with your local Optometrist
or Ophthalmologist. Eye examinations in Australia are supported
by the Medicare system for all Australian residents. Referrals
are not required for an eye examination with an Optometrist.
Your Optometrist will advise you if you have developed cataracts,
and if so, will be able to advise you about all of the treatment
options.
How
am I tested for cataracts?
The
lens of the eye is carefully examined with two instruments:
an ophthalmoscope, and a slit lamp biomicroscope. The findings
from these examination, coupled with the level of vision will
give an accurate indication of the whether catarct is present,
and, if so, to what degree. Checking for cataract is usually
carried out during a regular eye test.
What
treatment options do I have if I have cataracts?
In
the early stages of cataract, the easiest option is to match
the strength of the glasses to an optimum level. With distance
vision, glare can become a problem, so it is worth looking
at options to counter this (having tinted lenses, having an
anti-reflection coating put on your lenses, wearing a peaked
hat, etc.). With near vision, contrast can be washed out a
littlem, so it is important to use a strong light to maximise
close vision.
In
the more advanced stages of cataract, surgery is the most
common option. The procedure is a relatively safe operation,
although, as with all operations there are some risks. If
your cataract is nearing a stage where surgery may be required,
your Optometrist will refer you to an Eye surgeon for an opinion
and treatment.
Advances
in cataract treatment?
Recently,
cataract surgery has been refined, and is now being performed
using a "stitchless keyhole" approach. This involves
the use of local anaesthetic, and a minor incision, to replace
the cataract with a 'foldable' lens. The procedure takes only
20 minutes, and the recovery period is around 24 hours.
If
you are concerned about ANY aspect of your eyes and vision
- please ensure you arrange to have an eye examination. Your
optometrist will provide a thorough examination and discuss
the options available.
Coming
soon: A walk through cataract surgery.
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